A virtual server is a highly scalable and highly available server built on a cluster of real servers. The architecture of the cluster is transparent to end users, and the users see only a single virtual server.
Root page for High-Availability Linux Project; goal: Provide a high-availability (clustering) solution for Linux which promotes reliability, availability, and serviceability (RAS) through a community development effort.
MOSIX for Linux is a cluster-enablement technology that provides transparent process migration between nodes in a cluster. Migration is pre-emptive and transparent to the user; processes run remotely via distributed system calls.
Drbd is a block device which is designed to build high availability clusters. This is done by mirroring a whole block device via (a dedicated) network. You could see it as a network raid 1.